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#1 JavaScript derives from a later version of Java
Explanation
This is false. Despite similar names, JavaScript and Java are completely different programming languages with different origins, syntax, and use cases. JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich at Netscape, while Java was developed by Sun Microsystems.
#2 In which programming language would you only be able to type 0's and 1's?
Explanation
Binary is the fundamental language computers understand, consisting only of 0s and 1s representing electrical states (off/on). All higher-level programming languages are eventually compiled or interpreted into binary machine code for the processor to execute.
#3 "HTML" stands for Hypertext Markup Language.
Explanation
HTML indeed stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It's the standard markup language used to create web pages, using tags to structure content and define how elements should be displayed in web browsers.
#4 What is the name of Layer 7 of the OSI model?
Explanation
Layer 7 of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is the Application layer. This is the topmost layer that directly interacts with end-user applications and provides services like HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and DNS.
#5 According to the International System of Units, how many bytes are in a kilobyte of RAM?
Explanation
According to the International System of Units (SI), a kilobyte equals exactly 1000 bytes. However, in computing contexts, 1024 bytes (2^10) is often called a kibibyte (KiB), though the term kilobyte is sometimes used informally for both values.
#6 Time on Computers is measured via the EPOX System.
Explanation
This is false. Computer time is measured via the EPOCH system (not EPOX), specifically Unix time, which counts seconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC. This timestamp system is fundamental to most operating systems and programming languages.
#7 A Mac is not a PC
Explanation
This is false. PC stands for Personal Computer, which technically includes all computers for personal use, including Macs. However, due to marketing campaigns, 'PC' is often colloquially used to refer specifically to Windows-based computers, while Macs are just called 'Macs.'
#8 The Python programming language gets its name from the British comedy group "Monty Python."
Explanation
This is true. Python creator Guido van Rossum named the language after Monty Python's Flying Circus because he was a fan of the comedy group. This is why Python documentation often contains Monty Python references and examples.
#9 What programming language was GitHub written in?
Explanation
GitHub was originally built using Ruby on Rails, a web application framework written in Ruby. While GitHub now uses multiple languages for different components, Ruby remains a core part of its technology stack.
#10 Ada Lovelace is often considered the first computer programmer.
Explanation
Ada Lovelace is indeed considered the first computer programmer. In 1843, she wrote the first algorithm intended to be processed by a machine (Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine), making her the world's first computer programmer.
#11 What amount of bits commonly equals one byte?
Explanation
A byte consists of 8 bits. This is the standard unit of data storage and processing in modern computers. Each bit can represent either 0 or 1, so 8 bits can represent 256 different values (2^8).
#12 The programming language 'Swift' was created to replace what other programming language?
Explanation
Swift was created by Apple to eventually replace Objective-C for iOS and macOS development. Swift offers more modern syntax, better performance, and improved safety features while maintaining interoperability with existing Objective-C code.
#13 The series of the Intel HD graphics generation succeeding that of the 5000 and 6000 series (Broadwell) is called:
Explanation
The HD Graphics 500 series succeeded the 5000/6000 series, appearing in Intel's Skylake and later processors. Intel's graphics naming scheme doesn't always follow numerical order, with the 500 series providing improved performance and features over previous generations.
#14 The Electron computer was released in Britain during 1983 for the home computing market, by which company?
Explanation
The Acorn Electron was released by Acorn Computers in 1983 as a budget alternative to their BBC Micro. It was designed for the home market and featured a cut-down version of the BBC Micro's capabilities at a lower price point.
#15 How many values can a single byte represent?
Explanation
A single byte can represent 256 different values (0-255). Since a byte consists of 8 bits, and each bit can be either 0 or 1, the total number of possible combinations is 2^8 = 256.
#16 What does CPU stand for?
Explanation
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit. It's the main component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer, executing instructions and performing calculations. It's often called the 'brain' of the computer.
#17 What does the computer software acronym JVM stand for?
Explanation
JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine. It's a runtime environment that enables Java programs to run on any platform by translating Java bytecode into platform-specific machine code, making Java platform-independent.
#18 The first IBM PC was released in 1981.
Explanation
The IBM Personal Computer (Model 5150) was indeed released on August 12, 1981. This computer established many standards for the PC industry and helped popularize personal computing in businesses and homes.
#19 The programming language "Python" is based off a modified version of "JavaScript".
Explanation
This is false. Python and JavaScript are completely independent programming languages with different origins, design philosophies, and implementations. Python was created by Guido van Rossum in 1991, while JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich in 1995.
#20 RAM stands for Random Access Memory.
Explanation
RAM indeed stands for Random Access Memory. It's the computer's primary memory where data and programs currently in use are stored for quick access by the CPU. 'Random access' means any memory location can be accessed directly without reading through other locations first.
#21 The NVidia GTX 1080 gets its name because it can only render at a 1920x1080 screen resolution.
Explanation
This is false. The GTX 1080's name doesn't relate to screen resolution. It's part of NVIDIA's naming scheme and the card can actually render at much higher resolutions than 1920x1080, including 4K and beyond.
#22 Pointers were not used in the original C programming language; they were added later on in C++.
Explanation
This is false. Pointers were a fundamental feature of the original C programming language from its creation in the early 1970s. C++ inherited pointers from C and added additional features like references, but pointers existed in C first.
#23 HTML is what type of language?
Explanation
HTML is a markup language, not a programming language. Markup languages use tags to annotate and structure content, defining how elements should be displayed or formatted. HTML specifically marks up web content for browsers to interpret and display.
#24 What is the domain name for the country Tuvalu?
Explanation
Tuvalu's country code top-level domain is .tv, which has become very valuable because 'TV' is associated with television. Tuvalu has generated significant revenue by licensing .tv domains to television and media companies worldwide.
#25 The numbering system with a radix of 16 is more commonly referred to as
Explanation
Hexadecimal (base 16) uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values. It's commonly used in computing because each hexadecimal digit represents exactly 4 binary digits (bits), making it convenient for representing binary data in a more compact and readable format.
#26 Which mobile OS held the largest market share in 2012?
Explanation
In 2012, iOS held the largest market share in mobile operating systems, primarily due to the iPhone's popularity. However, Android was rapidly gaining market share and would soon overtake iOS to become the dominant mobile OS globally.
#27 Which programming paradigm emphasizes the use of functions as first-class citizens?
Explanation
Functional programming treats functions as first-class citizens, meaning functions can be assigned to variables, passed as arguments, and returned from other functions. Languages like Haskell, Lisp, and modern JavaScript heavily use this paradigm.
#28 Linus Torvalds created Linux and Git.
Explanation
This is true. Linus Torvalds created both the Linux kernel (first released in 1991) and Git version control system (created in 2005). Git was developed to manage Linux kernel development after issues with the previous version control system.
#29 In computing, what does MIDI stand for?
Explanation
MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. It's a technical standard that allows electronic musical instruments, computers, and other equipment to communicate with each other, enabling the creation and playback of digital music.
#30 What does the Prt Sc button do?
Explanation
The Print Screen (Prt Sc) button captures a screenshot of your entire screen and copies it to the clipboard. You can then paste this image into other applications like image editors or documents. On some systems, it may save directly to a file.
#31 On Twitter, what was the original character limit for a Tweet?
Explanation
Twitter's original character limit was 140 characters, inspired by SMS text message limits. This constraint encouraged concise communication and became a defining feature of the platform. In 2017, Twitter doubled the limit to 280 characters for most languages.
#32 The logo for Snapchat is a Bell.
Explanation
This is false. Snapchat's logo is a white ghost on a yellow background, known as the 'Ghostface Chillah.' The ghost represents the app's focus on ephemeral messaging - messages that disappear like ghosts.
#33 In most programming languages, the operator ++ is equivalent to the statement "+= 1".
Explanation
This is true. The ++ operator (increment operator) adds 1 to a variable, which is equivalent to += 1. Both operations increase the variable's value by one, though ++ is more concise and commonly used in loops and iterations.
#34 What language does Node.js use?
Explanation
Node.js uses JavaScript as its programming language. It's a runtime environment that allows JavaScript to run on servers, not just in web browsers. Node.js uses Google's V8 JavaScript engine to execute JavaScript code.
#35 The Windows ME operating system was released in the year 2000.
Explanation
Windows ME (Millennium Edition) was indeed released in September 2000. It was the last operating system in the Windows 9x family and was designed as a consumer-oriented upgrade to Windows 98, though it was widely criticized for stability issues.
#36 The Windows 7 operating system has six main editions.
Explanation
Windows 7 had six main editions: Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise, and Ultimate. Each edition had different features and was targeted at different user segments, from basic home users to enterprise customers.
#37 In "Hexadecimal", what color would be displayed from the color code? "#00FF00"?
Explanation
#00FF00 represents pure green in hexadecimal color coding. The format is #RRGGBB where RR=00 (no red), GG=FF (maximum green), and BB=00 (no blue). FF in hexadecimal equals 255 in decimal, the maximum value for a color channel.
#38 What does the "MP" stand for in MP3?
Explanation
MP3 stands for MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, where MP comes from 'Moving Picture.' Despite being used for audio, the format originated from the Moving Picture Experts Group's work on multimedia compression standards.
#39 Which computer language would you associate Django framework with?
Explanation
Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It follows the 'batteries included' philosophy and is written entirely in Python, making Python knowledge essential for Django development.
#40 Which computer hardware device provides an interface for all other connected devices to communicate?
Explanation
The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all computer components. It houses the CPU socket, RAM slots, expansion slots, and various connectors, serving as the central hub for all hardware components.
#41 On a standard American QWERTY keyboard, what symbol will you enter if you hold the shift key and press 1?
Explanation
On a standard US QWERTY keyboard, pressing Shift+1 produces an exclamation mark (!). Each number key has a corresponding symbol that appears when combined with the Shift key, with ! being the symbol above the number 1.
#42 What is the code name for the mobile operating system Android 7.0?
Explanation
Android 7.0's code name was Nougat, continuing Google's tradition of naming Android versions after desserts in alphabetical order. Nougat introduced features like multi-window support, improved notifications, and better battery optimization.
#43 In any programming language, what is the most common way to iterate through an array?
Explanation
For loops are the most common way to iterate through arrays because they're designed specifically for this purpose. They provide a clean, readable syntax with initialization, condition checking, and increment/decrement operations all in one statement.
#44 What does GHz stand for?
Explanation
GHz stands for Gigahertz, which represents one billion cycles per second. It's commonly used to measure CPU clock speed, indicating how many instruction cycles the processor can execute per second.
#45 How long is an IPv6 address?
Explanation
IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long, providing approximately 3.4×10^38 unique addresses. This is a massive increase from IPv4's 32-bit addresses, solving the address exhaustion problem and allowing for Internet expansion.
#46 What is the most preferred image format used for logos in the Wikimedia database?
Explanation
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) is preferred for logos in Wikimedia because it's a vector format that scales to any size without quality loss. This makes it perfect for logos that need to display clearly at different resolutions and sizes across various devices.
#47 Linux was first created as an alternative to Windows XP.
Explanation
This is false. Linux was first created by Linus Torvalds in 1991, more than 10 years before Windows XP was released in 2001. Linux was originally developed as a free alternative to UNIX-like operating systems, not specifically targeting Windows.
#48 In web design, what does CSS stand for?
Explanation
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It's a language used to describe the presentation and styling of HTML documents, controlling layout, colors, fonts, and other visual aspects of web pages. 'Cascading' refers to the inheritance and priority rules.
#49 The C programming language was created by this American computer scientist.
Explanation
Dennis Ritchie created the C programming language between 1969 and 1973 at Bell Labs. C became one of the most influential programming languages, serving as the foundation for many modern languages and operating systems, including UNIX.
#50 In computing, what does LAN stand for?
Explanation
LAN stands for Local Area Network. It's a computer network that interconnects devices within a limited area such as a home, office, or school. LANs allow sharing of resources like files, printers, and internet connections among connected devices.